Statistics & Findings

Analysis of 156 spomenik memorial sites across 7 successor states, compiled from community research. Data snapshot: 2026-07-06.

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At a glance

Headline counts drawn from the full dataset.

156

Monuments mapped

7

Countries

76

Named architects

1960s

Peak decade (45 sites)

42

Poor, abandoned, or destroyed

71%

With known build year

Key findings

Each insight is paired with the data behind it — verify the numbers in the charts.

01

A mid-century building boom

45 in the 1960s · 37 in the 1970s

Most dated monuments cluster in the 1960s and 1970s — the peak of Yugoslav memorial construction after WWII. Together these two decades account for 82 of 111 sites with known years.

By construction decade

Sites with a known build year, grouped by decade

1940 3 1950 8 1960 45 1970 37 1980 18 Unknown 45
02

One architect dominates the canon

18 sites · Bogdan Bogdanović

Bogdan Bogdanović appears on 18 monuments — more than any other named architect. 76 distinct architects are represented across the dataset, but 47 sites still lack a verified architect.

Top architects

  1. 01
    Unknown 47 (30%)
  2. 02
    Bogdan Bogdanović 18 (12%)
  3. 03
    Miodrag Živković 7 (4%)
  4. 04
    Vojin Bakić 5 (3%)
  5. 05
    Dušan Džamonja 4 (3%)
  6. 06
    Jordan Grabuloski 3 (2%)
  7. 07
    Ljubomir Denković 3 (2%)
  8. 08
    Antun Augustinčić 2 (1%)
  9. 09
    Boris Kobe 2 (1%)
  10. 10
    Edvard Ravnikar 2 (1%)
  11. 11
    Janez Lenassi 2 (1%)
  12. 12
    Marijan Burger 2 (1%)
03

Preservation is uneven across borders

56% at risk · Kosovo

Kosovo has the highest share of monuments in poor, abandoned, or destroyed condition (56% of its 9 sites). Slovenia shows no sites in those categories.

At-risk sites by country

Share of each country's monuments rated Poor, Abandoned, or Destroyed

Country At risk Share
Kosovo 5 56%
Bosnia & Herzegovina 15 54%
North Macedonia 4 36%
Serbia 9 24%
Croatia 7 17%
Montenegro 2 12%
Slovenia 0 0%

By country

Country Distribution Count Share
Croatia
41 26%
Serbia
37 24%
Bosnia & Herzegovina
28 18%
Montenegro
17 11%
Slovenia
13 8%
North Macedonia
11 7%
Kosovo
9 6%
04

A third of sites lack verified condition

19% unverified condition

29 monuments (19%) are marked Unverified — largely from the supplementary "overlooked" research pass. Only 11 sites are rated Excellent.

05

War-era destruction is documented but sparse

10 with destruction records

10 monuments have recorded destruction events — mostly from the 1990s Yugoslav wars. Detailed perpetrator and year data exists for only a subset; many destroyed sites rely on condition assessment alone.

By condition

156 total
  • Excellent 11 · 7%
  • Good 23 · 15%
  • Fair 50 · 32%
  • Poor 21 · 13%
  • Abandoned 11 · 7%
  • Destroyed 10 · 6%
  • Unverified 29 · 19%
  • Multiple 1 · 1%
06

Research confidence is still developing

55% low confidence

86 sites (55%) carry Low research confidence. High-confidence records remain rare (12 sites), reflecting the ongoing nature of this community research project.

Research confidence

High 12 8% of dataset
Medium 55 35% of dataset
Low 86 55% of dataset
Low-Medium 3 2% of dataset

Physical context

Monument scale and surroundings — dimensions that sit alongside the findings above.

By size

  • Very Large 10 · 6%
  • Large 16 · 10%
  • Medium 56 · 36%
  • Small 48 · 31%
  • Unverified 25 · 16%
  • Multiple 1 · 1%

Surroundings

Unverified 20 (13%)
Urban 77 (49%)
Rural & village 14 (9%)
Mountains & hills 18 (12%)
Woodland & parkland 15 (10%)
Open countryside 12 (8%)